@article {78,
	title = {Chromosome behavior during meiosis and development of spore mother cells in the Chinese quillwort Isoetes sinensis T. C. Palmer (Isoetaceae)},
	journal = {American Fern Journal},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):7Export Date: 11 November 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {183 - 195},
	abstract = {Chromosome behavior during meiosis of the tetraploid Isoetes sinensis was observed to be similar to that of basic diploid Isoetes species. This observation was consistent with the previous report that polyploid species of Isoetes are allopolyploids. Meiosis was generally similar in both megaspore and microspore mother cells, but differences were observed. Due to the smaller size of the microspore mother cells, during prophase I, chromosomes are not as dispersed as those in megaspore mother cells. Cytomixis was observed in all stages of meiosis in microspore mother cells, but it was not seen at any stage of meiosis in megaspore mother cells. Cytomixis, lagging chromosomes, chromosome bridges, chromosome fragments, and micronuclei, observed during meiosis in I. sinensis, can affect sexual reproduction, but it does not appear to be a major cause of population decline in this species. The major cause of decline is habitat degradation from human disturbance. The few remaining populations of the Chinese quillwort are fragmented and the numbers of individuals contained in these populations dwindle as a result of habitat degradation. Conservation efforts are needed to save I. sinensis from extinction.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11444270683\&partnerID=40\&md5=e3b19a6dd117ccd20573e526dceb63bf},
	author = {He, Z. and Wang, H. and Li, J. and Ye, Q. and Taylor, W.C.}
}
@article {80,
	title = {Phylogenetic relationships of Iso{\"e}tes (Iso{\"e}taceae) in China as revealed by nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and the second intron of a LEAFY homolog},
	journal = {American Fern Journal},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):17Export Date: 11 November 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {196 - 205},
	abstract = {Iso{\"e}tes is an ancient lycopod lineage with a highly conserved morphology that provides few morphological characters to resolve the phylogeny of its species. Species appear to have evolved by divergence and allopolyploidy. The basic diploids I. hypsophila, I. taiwanensis, and I. yunguiensis and the tetraploid I. sinensis occur in China. Analysis of ITS sequences indicates that the Chinese Iso{\"e}tes species are part of an Australasian clade including I. brevicula from Western Australia and I. kirkii from New Zealand. Two distinct cloned sequences of the second intron of a LEAFY homolog were recovered from I. sinensis supporting the hypothesis that I. sinensis is an allotetraploid. One of the I. sinensis cloned sequences was similar to the I. taiwanensis sequence and the other cloned sequence was similar to the I. yunguiensis sequence identifying I. taiwanensis and I. yunguiensis as the likely parents of I. sinensis. Other cloned sequences recovered from I. sinensis were recombined parts of the two distinct sequences. Morphological evidence supporting an allotetraploid origin of I. sinensis is found in its larger microspore size and intermediate megaspore texture compared to I. taiwanensis, and I. yunguiensis.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11444262662\&partnerID=40\&md5=7b7a2b568e139bee1b60bd62836ff6ef},
	author = {Taylor, W.C. and Lekschas, A.R. and Qing, F.W. and Liu, X. and Napier, N.S. and Hoot, S.B.}
}
@article {84,
	title = {Revealing unknown or extinct lineages within Iso{\"e}tes (Iso{\"e}taceae) using DNA sequences from hybrids},
	journal = {American Journal of Botany},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):25Export Date: 11 November 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {899 - 904},
	abstract = {Iso{\"e}tes, a heterosporous lycopod with a fossil record dating back to the Paleozoic, has numerous putative allopolyploids (resulting from hybridization events coupled with doubling of chromosome number). By using the highly variable nucleotide sequences from the second intron of a LFY homologue in Iso{\"e}tes, species could be delimited and hybrid origins determined. The data suggest that reticulate evolution is both common and complex within a more derived species complex of Iso{\"e}tes. Sequences of identifiable parentage and sequences that are unlike any diploid species known were recovered, leading to the conclusion that one or both of the putative parents have not yet been discovered or are extinct. A range of observations concerning allopolyploid speciation were categorized as follows: (1) verification of previous hypotheses regarding parentage (e.g., I. riparia, I. appalachiana), (2) determination that two morphologically distinct allotetraploid species can share the same parentage (I. azorica and I. acadiensis), (3) recognition of a cryptic allotetraploid species, indicated by the presence of different parental genomes (I. "appalachiana" from Florida), and (4) identification of allotetraploid species with one or two unknown parents (e.g., I. tuckermanii, I. acadiensis, I. azorica, and I. hyemalis). Some sequences from diploid species are remarkably uniform among populations (e.g., I. echinospora from various locations in North America, Iceland, and Wales), while others are variable at the subspecies level (e.g., northern and southern populations within I. engelmannii).},
	keywords = {Allopolyploidy, Hybrid origins, Isoetes, LEAFY intron},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11444256350\&partnerID=40\&md5=420a4ad06820ce82f60d7a70e7db9dec},
	author = {Hoot, S.B. and Napier, N.S. and Taylor, W.C.}
}
