@article {100,
	title = {The utility of nuclear ITS, a LEAFY homolog intron, and chloroplast atpB-rbcL spacer region data in phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation in Iso{\"e}tes},
	journal = {American Fern Journal},
	volume = {91},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):46Export Date: 11 November 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2001///},
	pages = {166 - 177},
	abstract = {Despite its ancient origins, its worldwide distribution, and adaptation to diverse habitats, Iso{\"e}tes has a highly conserved morphology. This feature has made it difficult to resolve species and species relationships using morphological characters. In this paper, we report the utility of nucleotide sequences from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, chloroplast atpB/rbcL intergenic spacer region, and second intron of a LEAFY (LFY) homolog for identifying species relationships, delimiting basic diploid species, and determining hybrid origins. Variation in the ITS regions and atpB/rbcL spacer is most useful at the family level in Iso{\"e}tes and the LFY second intron is appropriate at the species and population level. The tree resulting from an analysis of the combined nuclear ITS and chloroplast atpB/rbcL spacer contains three major well supported clades (bootstrap >= 99\%): an Old-World/California clade (I. abyssinica, I. longissima, I. velata, I. nuttallii, and I. orcuttii), an Asian/Australian clade (I. taiwanensis, I. japonica, I. kirkii, and I. drummondii), and a poorly resolved clade consisting of nine North American species. To further resolve and delimit the North American species, a combination of the LEAFY second intron and ITS data was used. The resulting consensus tree has limited resolution, supporting the hypothesis that the North American species complex radiated rapidly. The combination of LFY and ITS data provided numerous characters, both substitutions and indels, that are useful in species delimitation and identification of cryptic species. ITS sequence data, through additive banding and sequence misalignment, is also useful in confirming interspecific hybrids and determining their parental origins.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0040332183\&partnerID=40\&md5=e97f5c223e9a884b67c6347a0db81dd5},
	author = {Hoot, S.B. and Taylor, W.C.}
}
@article {80,
	title = {Phylogenetic relationships of Iso{\"e}tes (Iso{\"e}taceae) in China as revealed by nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region and the second intron of a LEAFY homolog},
	journal = {American Fern Journal},
	volume = {94},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Cited By (since 1996):17Export Date: 11 November 2013Source: Scopus},
	month = {2004///},
	pages = {196 - 205},
	abstract = {Iso{\"e}tes is an ancient lycopod lineage with a highly conserved morphology that provides few morphological characters to resolve the phylogeny of its species. Species appear to have evolved by divergence and allopolyploidy. The basic diploids I. hypsophila, I. taiwanensis, and I. yunguiensis and the tetraploid I. sinensis occur in China. Analysis of ITS sequences indicates that the Chinese Iso{\"e}tes species are part of an Australasian clade including I. brevicula from Western Australia and I. kirkii from New Zealand. Two distinct cloned sequences of the second intron of a LEAFY homolog were recovered from I. sinensis supporting the hypothesis that I. sinensis is an allotetraploid. One of the I. sinensis cloned sequences was similar to the I. taiwanensis sequence and the other cloned sequence was similar to the I. yunguiensis sequence identifying I. taiwanensis and I. yunguiensis as the likely parents of I. sinensis. Other cloned sequences recovered from I. sinensis were recombined parts of the two distinct sequences. Morphological evidence supporting an allotetraploid origin of I. sinensis is found in its larger microspore size and intermediate megaspore texture compared to I. taiwanensis, and I. yunguiensis.},
	url = {http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-11444262662\&partnerID=40\&md5=7b7a2b568e139bee1b60bd62836ff6ef},
	author = {Taylor, W.C. and Lekschas, A.R. and Qing, F.W. and Liu, X. and Napier, N.S. and Hoot, S.B.}
}
